Backflow, or water flowing in the wrong direction, creates environmental and plumbing problems and can delay fire sprinkler response times. To prevent water from backing into the supply line, backflow preventers use two one-way check valves in series. These check valves act as one-way gates, allowing water to flow in only one direction.
Being familiar with backflow devices is important because environmental damage can occur if contaminated water re-enters the water table due to backflow. Improperly protected water systems have the potential to lead to illness, and even in some cases death. As regulated by local governing boards, fire protection professionals are responsible for protecting the water supply.
Regular backflow equipment inspections are critical to ensure devices and components meet standards. Common deficiencies include inadequate testing, rust, faulty check valves, and incorrect relief valve opening points.
Backflow preventers protect public drinking water supplies from contamination from non-potable sources through back siphonage and back pressure. While Double Check Valve Assemblies (DCVAs) and Reduced Pressure Zone Assemblies (RPZAs) are typical for fire protection, other backflow preventers are used in plumbing systems:
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