Historic homes and landmarks are national treasures, but they are also at increased risk of fire due to their age, construction, and materials. They often lack modern fire safety features. Building managers are responsible for safeguarding these treasures from fire, especially during repair or rehabilitation projects that increase the risk. Applying NFPA model codes to achieve fire safety in historic buildings is essential.
Two essential codes are crucial for fire safety in historic homes and landmarks: the NFPA 101 Code for Life Safety and the NFPA 914 Code for the Protection of Historic Structures. The NFPA 101 defines historic buildings as “a building or facility deemed to have historical, architectural, or cultural significance by a local, regional, or national jurisdiction.”
Here are some tips to help protect these important structures:
- Professional Evaluation: Hire a professional to assess your historic building or landmark for fire risks and safety concerns. Identify character-defining spaces, features, and finishes to ensure code compliance.
- Early Detection Systems: Install smoke alarms and carbon monoxide detectors to detect fire and gas leaks early.
- Fire Extinguishers: Keep fire extinguishers handy to put out small fires before they spread. If necessary, consider installing automatic fire sprinkler systems.
- Stairway and Elevator Upgrades: Update historic stairways and elevators to meet health and safety codes while preserving their character.
- Clear Exits: Keep exits clear of obstructions to ensure easy escape in an emergency.
- Candle and Open Flame Safety: Never leave candles or open flames unattended to prevent accidental fires.
- Non-Combustible Furnishings: Opt for non-combustible furnishings to minimize fire risks, as furnishings are usually the first items ignited.
- Electrical Safety: Avoid overloading electrical outlets to prevent fires.
- Stove and Chimney Maintenance: Ensure proper installation, regular cleaning, and appropriate use of stoves and chimneys; always ensure they are secured.
- Fire Retardant Roof Coating: Apply a fire-retardant coating to your roof for protection.
- Holiday Fire Precautions: Exercise caution when decorating during holidays to avoid fire hazards like tangled cords, overloaded outlets, and lights too close to flammable materials.
- Heating, Propane, and Water System Testing: To prevent fires, have the heating, propane, and water systems tested before use.
- Safe Storage of Flammable Materials: Store flammable materials like gasoline and paint safely away from heat sources.
- Fire Safety Education: Educate yourself and others about different types of fires and preventive measures.
Following these tips can help protect historic homes and landmarks from fire.
